The World Market for Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers: A 2016 Global Trade Perspective

This report was created for strategic planners, international executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for unthreaded copper washers and spring washers. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics that appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for unthreaded copper washers and spring washers for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports. I do so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models. On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners approaching the world market face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying unthreaded copper washers and spring washers? What is the dollar value of these imports? How much do the imports of unthreaded copper washers and spring washers vary from one country to another? Do exporters serving the world market have similar market shares across the importing countries? Which countries supply the most exports of unthreaded copper washers and spring washers? Which countries are buying their exports? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?

1 METHODOLOGY 9 1.1 Our Approach 9 2 THE WORLD MARKET 15 2.1 Exports 15 2.1.1 The World Market: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Export Supplies in 2016 15 2.2 Imports 17 2.2.1 The World Market: Imported Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers in 2016 17 3 EXPORTS 21 3.1 Africa: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 21 3.1.1 Executive Summary 21 3.1.2 Ghana 23 3.1.3 Morocco 24 3.1.4 South Africa 24 3.1.5 Swaziland 24 3.1.6 Tunisia 24 3.2 Asia: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 25 3.2.1 Executive Summary 25 3.2.2 China 29 3.2.3 Hong Kong 30 3.2.4 India 31 3.2.5 Indonesia 32 3.2.6 Japan 32 3.2.7 Malaysia 33 3.2.8 Singapore 33 3.2.9 South Korea 34 3.2.10 Taiwan 35 3.2.11 Thailand 36 3.2.12 Vietnam 36 3.3 Europe: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 36 3.3.1 Executive Summary 36 3.3.2 Austria 41 3.3.3 Belgium 41 3.3.4 Croatia 42 3.3.5 Czech Republic 42 3.3.6 Denmark 42 3.3.7 Estonia 43 3.3.8 Finland 43 3.3.9 France 44 3.3.10 Germany 45 3.3.11 Greece 46 3.3.12 Hungary 46 3.3.13 Ireland 46 3.3.14 Italy 47 3.3.15 Lithuania 48 3.3.16 Luxembourg 48 3.3.17 Norway 48 3.3.18 Poland 49 3.3.19 Portugal 49 3.3.20 Romania 49 3.3.21 Russia 50 3.3.22 Slovakia 50 3.3.23 Slovenia 50 3.3.24 Spain 51 3.3.25 Sweden 52 3.3.26 the Netherlands 53 3.3.27 Ukraine 53 3.4 Latin America: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 53 3.4.1 Executive Summary 53 3.4.2 Argentina 56 3.4.3 Brazil 57 3.4.4 Colombia 57 3.4.5 Costa Rica 57 3.4.6 Mexico 58 3.5 North America & the Caribbean: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 58 3.5.1 Executive Summary 58 3.5.2 Canada 61 3.5.3 the United States 62 3.6 Oceana: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 63 3.6.1 Executive Summary 63 3.6.2 Australia 65 3.6.3 New Zealand 66 3.7 the Middle East: Export Supplies of Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers 66 3.7.1 Executive Summary 66 3.7.2 Turkey 69 4 IMPORTS 70 4.1 Africa: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 70 4.1.1 Executive Summary 70 4.1.2 Algeria 74 4.1.3 Botswana 74 4.1.4 Egypt 74 4.1.5 Ghana 75 4.1.6 Morocco 75 4.1.7 Namibia 75 4.1.8 Niger 76 4.1.9 Nigeria 76 4.1.10 South Africa 76 4.1.11 Togo 77 4.2 Asia: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 77 4.2.1 Executive Summary 77 4.2.2 China 81 4.2.3 Hong Kong 82 4.2.4 India 82 4.2.5 Indonesia 83 4.2.6 Japan 83 4.2.7 Malaysia 84 4.2.8 Maldives 84 4.2.9 Philippines 84 4.2.10 Singapore 85 4.2.11 South Korea 85 4.2.12 Sri Lanka 86 4.2.13 Taiwan 86 4.2.14 Thailand 86 4.2.15 Vietnam 87 4.3 Europe: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 87 4.3.1 Executive Summary 87 4.3.2 Austria 92 4.3.3 Belarus 92 4.3.4 Belgium 93 4.3.5 Bulgaria 93 4.3.6 Croatia 94 4.3.7 Czech Republic 94 4.3.8 Denmark 95 4.3.9 Estonia 95 4.3.10 Finland 96 4.3.11 France 96 4.3.12 Germany 97 4.3.13 Greece 98 4.3.14 Hungary 98 4.3.15 Iceland 98 4.3.16 Ireland 99 4.3.17 Italy 99 4.3.18 Kazakhstan 100 4.3.19 Latvia 100 4.3.20 Lithuania 100 4.3.21 Luxembourg 101 4.3.22 Macedonia 101 4.3.23 Malta 101 4.3.24 Norway 102 4.3.25 Poland 102 4.3.26 Portugal 103 4.3.27 Romania 103 4.3.28 Russia 104 4.3.29 Slovakia 104 4.3.30 Slovenia 105 4.3.31 Spain 105 4.3.32 Sweden 106 4.3.33 the Netherlands 106 4.3.34 Ukraine 107 4.4 Latin America: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 107 4.4.1 Executive Summary 107 4.4.2 Argentina 111 4.4.3 Bolivia 111 4.4.4 Brazil 112 4.4.5 Chile 112 4.4.6 Colombia 113 4.4.7 Costa Rica 113 4.4.8 Ecuador 113 4.4.9 Honduras 114 4.4.10 Mexico 114 4.4.11 Peru 115 4.5 North America & the Caribbean: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 115 4.5.1 Executive Summary 115 4.5.2 Canada 119 4.5.3 Dominican Republic 119 4.5.4 the Bahamas 120 4.5.5 the United States 121 4.6 Oceana: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 121 4.6.1 Executive Summary 121 4.6.2 Australia 125 4.6.3 New Zealand 125 4.7 the Middle East: Unthreaded Copper Washers and Spring Washers Imports in 2016 125 4.7.1 Executive Summary 125 4.7.2 Israel 129 4.7.3 Jordan 129 4.7.4 Lebanon 129 4.7.5 Oman 130 4.7.6 Pakistan 130 4.7.7 Turkey 131 5 DISCLAIMERS, WARRANTEES, AND USER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS 132 5.1 Disclaimers & Safe Harbor 132 5.2 ICON Group International, Inc. User Agreement Provisions 133